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Tachi

What is Tachi?

The tachi is a traditional Japanese sword that predates the katana and is characterized by its greater curvature and length. The tachi was primarily used by samurai warriors during the Heian (794-1185) and Kamakura (1185-1333) periods. It is designed for use on horseback, allowing for effective cutting while riding.

Key features of the tachi include:

  1. Blade: The tachi blade is typically longer and more curved than that of the katana, often measuring around 70 to 80 centimeters (about 27 to 31 inches) or more. The pronounced curvature makes it particularly effective for slashing attacks.
  2. Mounting: Unlike the katana, which is worn edge-up, the tachi is worn edge-down, suspended from the belt by cords. This difference in mounting reflects its use in cavalry and the tactical needs of mounted combat.
  3. Tsuba: The tsuba, or guard, of the tachi can vary in design but serves the same protective function as that of the katana, preventing the hand from slipping onto the blade.
  4. Tsuka: The tsuka, or handle, of the tachi is similar to that of the katana, often wrapped in ray skin (samegawa) and cord (tsuka-ito) for a secure grip.
  5. Saya: The saya, or scabbard, of the tachi is designed to accommodate its longer, more curved blade. It is often elaborately decorated and can be lacquered and adorned with various fittings.
  6. Koshirae: The koshirae refers to the complete mounting of the tachi, including the saya, tsuka, tsuba, and other fittings. The koshirae can be highly ornate, reflecting the status and wealth of the owner.

The tachi eventually evolved into the katana as combat techniques and the needs of the samurai changed. The katana's design, with its slightly less pronounced curvature and edge-up wear, became more suited to the close-quarters combat that characterized later periods. Despite this evolution, the tachi remains a significant and revered part of Japanese sword history and culture.

Related Article: Kenjutsu: The Japanese Swordsmanship Art of the Samurai

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